A linguagem e o "aquém" da linguagem na psicanálise

Abstract

In this paper the authors reaffirm from a strictly psychoanalytical point of view the place of speech and language in psychoanalysis, taking into account that Freud designated his tekné as a talking cure. What seems obvious, was to a great extent put aside by actual psychoanalysis, which tends to establish emotional experience as preceding language. Lacan in the introduction to his Rome discourse, "The Function and Field of Speech and Language in Psychoanalysis", after enumerating the different ways taken by psychoanalysis, points to "the temptation for the analyst to abandon the foundation of speech", We owe a certain fidelity to the spirit of this position assumed by Lacan, reestablishing what was always essential for Freud. We also consider that no linguistic theory can suffice to establish the realm of speech and language in psychoanalysis. In this aspect the importance of M. Heidegger is fundamental, as he establishes an ontology of language that we consider to be inerrant to psychoanalytical practice, as poetical foundation of language. This position was explicitly assumed by P.Fédida, in a seminar on this subject in São Paulo, taking as reference "On The Way to Language" by M. Heidegger. The poetical foundation is thus constitution of world, where what precedes comes to be, so as to be able to think the before as beyond. In this context, keeping dose to the clinical experience, we believe it is possible to articulate the emotional experience, even if words have been crushed in their capacity of resonance, which is so common in the present.  Key-words: language; pre-verbal; poíetical talking; emotional experience.